Pathways to low-cost clean hydrogen production with gas switching reforming

Gas switching reforming (GSR) is a promising technology for natural gas with inherent CO2 capture. Like conventional steam methane (SMR), GSR can be integrated water-gas shift and pressure swing adsorption units pure hydrogen production. The resulting GSR-H2 process concept was techno-economically assessed in this study. Results showed that achieve 96% capture at avoidance cost of 15 $/ton (including transport storage). Most components the are proven technologies, but long-term oxygen carrier stability presents an important technical uncertainty adversely affect competitiveness when material lifetime drops below one year. Relative to SMR benchmark, replaces some fuel consumption electricity consumption, making it more suitable regions higher prices lower prices. Some minor alterations configuration adjust balance between match local market conditions. most attractive commercialization pathway initial construction without capture, followed by simple retrofitting taxes rise, storage infrastructure becomes available. These features make robust almost any future energy scenario.